Study questions and exercises

Write the answers to the questions in a word document and send it to christian.stranne[at]geo.su.se. Your document should be named with your name and the moment according to the following convention: firstname_lastname_MomentX.docx
Once we received your answers you will get a correction sheet. Correct your own answers using the sheet and where you have questions, please write them in an email to the course email. When you have answered all questions you will also get a code to open the lecture(s) of the next Moment.
The study questions and exercises are only for your own learning and the code system is intended to help you following the course structure and to set your study pace. It is your own responsibility to follow this scheme.

Study questions and exercises on Moment 5

  1. Seismic waves can be characterized into two groups. Mention these and why this division is made.
  2. List four types of the most common seismic waves and describe briefly their different characteristics. Which one are we using in conventional echo sounding methods?
  3. Which of the two statements is correct? Explain why the wrong statement is wrong.
    • a) A p-wave travels faster in a granite than in a clay because the density is higher in granite than in clay.
    • b) Shear waves are not relevant in marine reflection surveys because they will not travel through water.
  4. Can the p-wave travel speed change within a geologic layer consisting of sand?
  5. Is it possible to get internal seismic reflections within a sand layer?
  6. Explain the basic principles behind the seismic refraction method. Sketch an illustration that shows the principle. A tip is that you in addition to reading the course book search for “Seismic refraction” in Wikipedia where a simplified explanation is given.
  7. Why does the refraction method not work to detect a low-velocity layer in a geologic stratigraphy?
  8. What is Normal moveout?
  9. What is a so called bright spot in the seismic reflection profile?
  10. What is the most critical parameters determining the horizontal resolution in a seismic reflection profile?
  11. What are peg-leg multiples?
  12. What is a low-pass filter?
  13. Why do we need to migrate seismic records? Explain what it means.
  14. Describe the principal differences between a single channel seismic reflection system from a multi-channel.